Climate diplomacy: Unlocking international cooperation for a sustainable future

Abstract

Climate diplomacy has become an essential mechanism for fostering international cooperation to combat the global crisis of climate change. This study explores its growth, successes, and challenges, offering understandings into its transformative journey from fragmented environmental determinations to a more cohesive and inclusive global context. Landmark agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement, and Glasgow Climate Pact have marked important milestones, driving progress toward global climate goals. However, modern experiments geopolitical tensions, economic disparities, and implementation gaps threaten the efficiency of these initiatives. The research highlights the essential role of international association in addressing transboundary climate issues. It postulates the need for just mechanisms of climate finance to enable the developing nations, and integrates science and technology for policy orientation and innovation. The study provides actionable strategies that tackle persistent barriers such as increasing transparency and trust through independent assessments, equitable technology sharing, and building on regional and subnational initiatives. It concludes that climate diplomacy has made considerable strides but needs sustained commitment and inclusive approaches to bridge the gaps in finance, trust, and implementation.